{"id":99,"date":"2026-03-16T16:14:58","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T08:14:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/?p=99"},"modified":"2026-03-16T16:14:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T08:14:58","slug":"c7-%e5%ad%97%e7%ac%a6%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e5%92%8c%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/2026\/03\/16\/c7-%e5%ad%97%e7%ac%a6%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e5%92%8c%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81\/","title":{"rendered":"C7 \u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5355\u5b57\u7b26I\/O\uff1a<code>getchar()<\/code>\u548c<code>putchar()<\/code><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ANSI C\u6807\u51c6\u53d1\u5e03\u540e\uff0cC\u628astdio.h\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<code>getchar()<\/code>\u548c<code>putchar()<\/code>\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>getchar()<\/code>\u548c<code>putchar()<\/code>\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4f9b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u65e0\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u7acb\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5728\u6309\u4e0benter\u952e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u201d\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u6309\u4e0benter\u952e\u540e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u624d\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53eb<strong>\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u7ed3\u675f\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5230\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u5462\uff1fC\u786e\u5b9e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0bC\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6d41\u548c\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u50a8\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u50a8\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u6c38\u4e45\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u4e2d\u3002C\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u5e95\u5c42I\/O<\/strong>\uff08<em>low-level I\/O<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u5e95\u5c42I\/O\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8f83\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u9762\uff0cC\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6<strong>I\/O\u5305<\/strong>\uff08<em>standard I\/O package<\/em>\uff09\u6765\u5230\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u770b\uff0cC\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u6d41\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c<strong>\u6d41<\/strong>\uff08<em>stream<\/em>\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7531\u5c5e\u6027\u66f4\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6d41\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u6d41\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0<code>Ctrl+Z<\/code>\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709<code>Ctrl+Z<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff0c\u5219\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u50a8\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u67093000\u5b57\u8282\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5728\u8bfb\u53d63000\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>getchar()<\/code>\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u503c<strong>EOF<\/strong>\uff08<em>end of fille<\/em>\uff09\u3002<code>scanf()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u65f6\u4e5f\u8fd4\u56deEOF\u3002\u901a\u5e38EOF\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728stdio.h\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<code>#define EOF (-1)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f-1\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>getchar()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u4ecb\u4e8e0~127\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u5bf9\u5e94\u6807\u51c6\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4ecb\u4e8e0~255\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c-1\u90fd\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u548c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cC\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6I\/O\u5305\u67e5\u627e\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u56e0\u5e73\u53f0\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u78c1\u5e26\u3001\u7a7f\u5b54\u5361\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7b2c1\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7b2c2\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u80fd\u4e0e\u952e\u76d8\u548c\u5c4f\u5e55\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u540c\u5e9a\u54e6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6e20\u9053\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f93\u5165\u81f3\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e0eC\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9bC\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd8\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 UNIX\u3001Linux\u548cDOS\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1.1 \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f93\u5165<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08<code>main.exe<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6253\u5370\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ main.exe\n#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\nint main() {\n\tchar ch;\n\twhile ((ch = getchar()) != EOF) {\n\t\tputchar(ch);\n\t}\n\treturn 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4<code>main.exe &lt; input.txt<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5c06<code>input.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>&lt;<\/code>\u662fUNIX\u548cDOS\/Window\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1.2 \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8f93\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06<code>main.exe<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5199\u5165<code>output.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>main.exe &gt; output.txt<\/code>\u3002\uff08\u65e0\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u521b\u5efa<code>output.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f<strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679coutput.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6e05\u7a7a\u540e\u518d\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. \u5355\u5b57\u7b26I\/O\uff1agetchar()\u548cputchar() ANSI C\u6807\u51c6\u53d1\u5e03\u540e\uff0cC\u628astdio.h\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-99","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c-2","tag-c-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":100,"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99\/revisions\/100"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caldm.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}